Transforaminal Full-Endoscopic Lumbar Surgery Under the Local Anesthesia: State of the Art (Original PDF)

This book presents the latest devices and techniques in transforaminal full-endoscopic lumbar discectomy (TELD). This minimally invasive procedure can be used to treat various spinal conditions, such as herniated nucleus pulposus, discogenic pain, foraminal stenosis, lateral recess stenosis, and infection. The book offers an overview of TELD, and discusses discectomy, thermal annulplasty (TA) and other trending topics. It also explores the history and anatomy of transforaminal full-endoscopic lumbar surgery, complications, TELD techniques, and TELD and TA for athletes. As such the book provides a much-needed foundation for the further development of this increasingly widespread procedure.